High blood pressure, known as hypertension, is a condition that is difficult to identify because it rarely causes symptoms.

This is a problem because untreated hypertension can cause major health complications. According to research by the World Health Organisation (WHO), over 46% of adults with hypertension are unaware that they have the condition.

With no warning signs or symptoms, it is critical to regularly check your blood pressure.

“If left untreated, hypertension can cause a heart attack, dementia, aneurysm, stroke and kidney failure.” explains Omy Naidoo from Newtricion Wellness Dieticians.

“Getting your blood pressure checked on a regular basis is the best way to determine if you require medication, just as being aware of the foods to avoid can help you reduce your risk of hypertension.”

Naidoo adds that commitment, a healthy diet and regular exercise can help you maintain a good blood pressure level. Here are 5 foods to avoid to lower hypertension:

#1. Salt or sodium

Salt, or more specifically, the sodium in salt, is a leading cause of hypertension and heart disease, due to its effect on blood fluid balance.

Your body retains additional fluid when you consume salt and raises your blood pressure by increasing blood volume and pressure in the arteries.

The mineral in leafy greens including spinach, broccoli, kale, and collards, which are high in potassium, helps the body eliminate salt through urine and relaxes blood vessel walls.

#2. Red meats

The body’s metabolization of red meat may result in the production of compounds that increase blood pressure even further. The colour of the meat influences the likelihood of it raising blood pressure.

Beef, lamb, pork, veal, venison, and goat are examples of red meat that may raise blood pressure. As such, red meat should be consumed in moderation or leaner cuts should be used.

#3. Processed foods with trans or saturated fat

To keep your heart healthy, limit saturated fats and avoid trans fats. Synthetic fats that enhance the shelf life and stability of packaged foods are known as trans fats.

On the other hand, eating them elevates LDL (bad) cholesterol while lowering HDL (good) cholesterol, thereby raising the risk of hypertension.

LDL cholesterol clogs and hardens your arteries, increasing your risk of blood clots, heart attacks, and strokes. Some of the foods to avoid include fried foods, margarine, meat and dairy.

#4. Alcohol

Excessive alcohol consumption might cause the muscles in your blood vessels to contract, making them narrower. When your blood arteries narrow, this puts pressure on the heart to work harder to circulate blood throughout your body, elevating your blood pressure.

The more alcohol you consume, the more likely you are to develop hypertension. Furthermore, alcohol consumption also contributes to weight gain and obesity, which increases the risk of hypertension.

#5. Sugar or sugar-sweetened beverages

Increased intake of sugar-sweetened beverages is linked to a higher risk of hypertension. While a sugary beverage now and then is good, consuming a lot of it might elevate blood pressure.

Many sugary drinks, such as sodas and fruit juices, include caffeine or high fructose corn syrup, both of which can increase blood pressure.

“A balanced diet and smart food choices can make a big difference in managing and preventing hypertension. It is also important to exercise regularly, and take any medications prescribed by your doctor,” concludes Naidoo.